Mg的添加对C19400合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

中图分类号:

TG146.1+1

文献标识码:

A

作者简介

孟凡俭(1974—),男,河南新乡人,学士,工程师,研究方向:有色金属加工,E-mail:1486422960@qq.com

通信作者

鲁长建,高级工程师,E-mail: kmdyfzx2024@126.com

流转信息

收稿日期 : 2025-08-20

修订日期 : 2025-12-16

引文格式

孟凡俭,李林杰,刘爱奎,董学懋,刘兆洋,刘焱,张英,鲁长建,高晓伟. Mg的添加对C19400合金显微组织和力学性能的影响[J]. 铜业工程,2026(2):20-26.

Effect of Mg Addition on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of C19400 Alloy

Citations

MENG Fanjian,LI Linjie,LIU Aikui,DONG Xuemao,LIU Zhaoyang,LIU Yan,ZHANG Ying,LU Changjian,GAO Xiaowei. Effect of Mg addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of C19400 alloy[J]. Copper Engineering,2026(2):20-26.

铜业工程    第2期    20-26
doi10.3969/j.issn.1009-3842.2026.02.003
材料制备与加工工程(Material Preparation and Process Engineering)

Mg的添加对C19400合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

  • 孟凡俭
  • 李林杰
  • 刘爱奎
  • 董学懋
  • 刘兆洋
  • 刘焱
  • 张英
  • 鲁长建
  • 高晓伟
河南凯美龙新材料科技股份有限公司河南 新乡 453000

作者简介

孟凡俭(1974—),男,河南新乡人,学士,工程师,研究方向:有色金属加工,E-mail:1486422960@qq.com

通信作者

鲁长建,高级工程师,E-mail: kmdyfzx2024@126.com

中图分类号:

TG146.1+1

文献标识码:

A

流转信息

收稿日期 : 2025-08-20     修订日期 : 2025-12-16     

引文格式

孟凡俭,李林杰,刘爱奎,董学懋,刘兆洋,刘焱,张英,鲁长建,高晓伟. Mg的添加对C19400合金显微组织和力学性能的影响[J]. 铜业工程,2026(2):20-26.

摘要

本文旨在研究Mg元素对C19400合金显微组织性能与力学性能的影响,为其性能改善提供依据。为此,采用相同工艺制备了不同Mg含量的C19400合金,接着对不同Mg含量合金进行形变热处理加工,并测试了合金在不同加工状态下的微观组织、力学性能、电导率、软化温度和折弯性能。结果表明:Mg的加入能抑制合金中第二相的析出,使其更加细小弥散; 在相同形变热处理下,合金的抗拉强度和硬度随着Mg含量的增加而增加; 含Mg的C19400合金的抗高温软化性能更佳,其软化温度达到490 ℃; 相同厚度下,含Mg的C19400合金的折弯性能更优。

关键词

C19400合金;Mg;力学性能;高温软化;折弯性能;

Effect of Mg Addition on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of C19400 Alloy

  • MENG Fanjian
  • LI Linjie
  • LIU Aikui
  • DONG Xuemao
  • LIU Zhaoyang
  • LIU Yan
  • ZHANG Ying
  • LU Changjian
  • GAO Xiaowei
He'nan KMD Advanced Materials and Technology Co.,Ltd.Xinxiang 453000China

Citations

MENG Fanjian,LI Linjie,LIU Aikui,DONG Xuemao,LIU Zhaoyang,LIU Yan,ZHANG Ying,LU Changjian,GAO Xiaowei. Effect of Mg addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of C19400 alloy[J]. Copper Engineering,2026(2):20-26.

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the influence of Mg addition on the microstructure and properties of C19400 alloy, providing a potential approach for performance enhancement. To this end, C19400 alloys with varying Mg contents were fabricated under identical processing conditions, and then the alloys with different Mg contents were processed by thermomechanical treatment. Microstructure, mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, softening temperature, and bending performance of the alloys in different processing states were examined. Results revealed that Mg addition suppressed the precipitation of secondary phase, leading to a finer and more homogeneous dispersion. Under the same deformation and heat treatment conditions, tensile strength and hardness of the alloys increased with Mg content. Moreover, Mg-containing C19400 alloys exhibited superior high-temperature softening resistance, with the softening temperature reaching 490 ℃. Bending performance of Mg-containing C19400 alloys was significantly improved compared with the Mg-free alloys with the same thickness.

Keywords

C19400 alloy;Mg;mechanical property;high temperature softening resistance;bending property;



C19400合金是全球首款应用于引线框架的铜合金材料,由美国奥林公司于1970年研发成功,该材料的问世迅速推动了铜合金引线框架材料的研发热潮  SHI G D,CHEN X H,JIANG H,et al. Strengthening mechanisms of Fe nanoparticles for single crystal Cu-Fe alloy[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2015,636:43-47.
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1-2
。该合金属于Cu-Fe-P系合金,其突出特点是具有较好的强度、电导率和塑性,生产工艺简单,性价比高,在航空航天、电子和汽车制造等领域获得广泛应用  LI R G,KANG H J,CHEN Z N,et al. A promising structure for fabricating high strength and high electrical conductivity copper alloys[J]. Scientific Reports,2016,6:20799.
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 XIE M,LI F,ZHOU S F,et al. Effect of laser energy density on microstructure and properties Cu-Fe-P immiscible alloys fabricated by laser selective melting:heterogeneous and high strength and magnetic[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology,2023,26:2759-2769.
3-8
。Fe在Cu中的溶解度(质量分数)较低,在635 ℃时可达0.15%,在1050 ℃时可达3.5%,Fe元素的添加不仅能细化晶粒,还能延缓再结晶过程,进而改善铜合金的力学性能,尽管它会降低铜的导电性和导热性,但仍值得关注; 而P在Cu基体中的溶解度有限,最大值为1.75%,在室温下几乎为0,该元素的存在能防止Fe氧化形成夹杂及氢脆,是优质的脱氧剂,还能提高焊接性和抗氧化性。C19400合金的显微组织主要由α-Cu基体和析出相(α-Fe,γ-Fe,Fe2P,Fe3P等  刘宇宁,莫永达,向朝建,等. C19400合金半蚀刻后表面粗糙度的影响因素[J]. 腐蚀与防护,2024,45(9):74-79.
9
)组成。

随着科技的不断发展,高效快速的信号和电力传输需求及精密化和多样化的连接器设计,对于所用材料的成分、性能和表面质量提出了更高的要求,如高强、高导、高弹性模量和优异的软化温度等。目前,传统加工工艺制备的C19400合金用于形状复杂、结构精密的连接器时,性能略有不足,且缩短产品的使用寿命。因此,有必要进一步优化C19400合金的综合性能。

众所周知,合金性能的优化主要依赖于形变热处理和微合金化两种技术。其中,微合金化对性能的优化归因于所添加元素对基体的增强,即形成新的析出相或抑制时效过程中析出相的粗化。对于铜合金板带材,在Cu基体中添加Mg,Mn,Ni,Si,Co,Te和Ag等微合金化元素,并对合金化元素含量进行合理控制,可以改变铜合金的相变和晶界行为,进而增强其力学性能、折弯性能及抗软化性能  GENG Y F,BAN Y J,WANG B J,et al. A review of microstructure and texture evolution with nanoscale precipitates for copper alloys[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology,2020,9(5):11918-11934.
4
 LIU K M,LU D P,ZHOU H T,et al. Effect of Ag micro-alloying on the microstructure and properties of Cu-14Fe in situ composite[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2010,527(18/19):4953-4958.
 PANG Y J,CHAO G H,LUAN T Y,et al. Microstructure and properties of high strength,high conductivity and magnetic Cu-10Fe-0.4Si alloy[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2021,826:142012.
 CUI J G,ZHOU R,YANG W D,et al. Effect of Mg on microstructure and properties of Cu-Ni-Fe-P alloy with high strength and high conductivity[J]. Materials Today Communications,2024,41:110513.
 裴锋,田旭,薛莹妤,等. 渗碳体石墨化制备无铅石墨黄铜的腐蚀性能[J]. 南昌大学学报(理科版),2024,48(1):36-41.
 王芸,王嘉慧,艾云龙,等. Al0.15MoNbTaTiVZrx难熔高熵合金的组织与力学性能[J]. 南昌航空大学学报(自然科学版),2024,38(4):58-66.
 兰利亚,李耀群,杨海云. 铜及铜合金精密带材生产技术[M]. 北京:冶金工业出版社,2009.
10-15
。其中,Mg作为一种低成本的合金元素,具有大规模工业应用的潜力  MONZEN R,WATANABE C. Microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu-Ni-Si alloys[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2008,483:117-119.
16
。该元素的添加可以提高Cu-Fe系合金在变形过程中微观组织的稳定性  SUN Y Q,PENG L J,HUANG G J,et al. Effects of Mg addition on the microstructure and softening resistance of Cu-Cr alloys[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2020,776:139009.
 ZENG H,SUI H,WU S J,et al. Evolution of the microstructure and properties of a Cu-Cr-(Mg) Alloy upon thermomechanical treatment[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2021,857:157582.
17-18
,并可抑制Cu基体的再结晶,降低Fe的极限固溶度,细化析出的Fe相,使Fe相分布更加均匀,进而提高合金的力学性能和软化温度。相关研究表明:Mg的添加可使Cu-30Fe合金屈服强度提高40%  JEONG Y B,JO H R,PARK H J,et al. Mechanical properties and microstructural change in (Cu-Fe) immiscible metal matrix composite:Effect of Mg on secondary phase separation[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology,2020,9(6):15989-15995.
19
; 可使Cu-6.5Fe-0.3Mg合金的屈服强度、抗拉强度、伸长率和电导率分别提高至635 MPa,704 MPa,5.1%和60.2%IACS  YUAN D W,ZENG H,XIAO X P,et al. Effect of Mg addition on Fe phase morphology,distribution and aging kinetics of Cu-6.5Fe alloy[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2021,812:141064.
20
; 可细化Cu-Ni-Fe-P合金的晶粒尺寸和(Ni,Fe)2P析出相  CUI J G,ZHOU R,YANG W D,et al. Effect of Mg on microstructure and properties of Cu-Ni-Fe-P alloy with high strength and high conductivity[J]. Materials Today Communications,2024,41:110513.
12
,从而提高合金的强度。然而,关于Mg元素添加对C19400合金组织和性能影响的研究较少。

本研究以相同工艺制备了不同Mg含量的C19400合金,观察并分析了在相同的加工工艺下,Mg元素的添加对C19400合金显微组织、力学性能、电导率、软化温度和折弯性能的影响规律,为后续工业化生产过程中合金性能的优化提供了参考。

1     实验

商用C19400铜合金的工业化生产工艺步骤包括:立式半连续铸造→热轧→铣面→粗轧→热处理→终轧→拉弯矫直→清洗→表面检测。本文通过立式半连续铸造制备出不同Mg质量分数(0,0.2%,0.24%,0.29%,0.38%,0.46%,0.65%)的C19400铸锭,并对铸锭进行以下工艺处理:切除铸锭头尾并打磨表面缺陷; 在预热炉内加热保温一段时间(950 ℃×5 h); 热轧到指定厚度后淬火,以确保元素充分固溶并防止晶粒过分长大; 铣面去除表面的氧化皮,以避免氧化物在后续加工工序中对材料表面造成遗留缺陷; 将铣面后试样冷轧到固溶前厚度; 将冷轧板材以指定的形变热处理工艺加工成不同厚度,其中不同Mg含量合金的加工工艺相同。

合金的化学成分分析。采用ARL4460火花直读光谱仪进行分析。

显微组织分析。采用Nikon ECLIPSE MA200光学显微镜(OM)对样品显微组织进行观察。试样制备。 先使用不同粒径SiC砂纸和直径约50 nm的Al2O3悬浮液以同一方向研磨和抛光,直到观察面达到镜面光洁度; 之后使用95 ml C2H5OH+5 ml HCl+5 g FeCl3溶液浸蚀样品表面10~15 s; 浸蚀后立刻冲洗并烘干。

拉伸力学性能测试。根据GB/T 228.1—2021,在Zwick/Roell材料拉伸机(试验力的范围为0~100 kN)上进行测试。拉伸试样以取自与轧制方向(GW)平行的板材通过冲压加工制成,其长度为75 mm、宽度为12.5 mm。在进行拉伸试验前,对试样冲压处的边缘进行打磨处理。

显微硬度检测。在Zwick/Roell维氏硬度计(测量范围0.2~30 kgf)上进行测试,取10次测试的平均值作为结果。

电导率测定。采用SIGMATEST 2.069电导率测量仪进行测试,该设备的测量范围为1%~112%IACS,测量精度达±0.5%。

抗高温软化性能测试。根据GB/T 33370—2016标准,合金的软化温度为退火过程中合金硬度下降到初始硬度的80%时所对应的退火温度。

折弯性能测试。在微机控制弯曲试验机WDW-S5上对样品进行折弯,通过观察折弯处样品表面形貌判定折弯性能。

2     结果与讨论

2.1     微观组织

对含Mg和无Mg的铸态C19400合金试样分别进行微观组织观察,结果如图1所示。可知,C19400合金的显微组织主要由Cu基体和灰白色的析出相组成。其中无Mg合金的析出相尺寸更大、更聚集。这是由于Mg与P的强相互作用能抑制Fe2P析出相的粗化,同时形成弥散分布的Mg2P颗粒,增强析出相的钉扎效应  JEONG Y B,JO H R,PARK H J,et al. Mechanical properties and microstructural change in (Cu-Fe) immiscible metal matrix composite:Effect of Mg on secondary phase separation[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology,2020,9(6):15989-15995.
 YUAN D W,ZENG H,XIAO X P,et al. Effect of Mg addition on Fe phase morphology,distribution and aging kinetics of Cu-6.5Fe alloy[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2021,812:141064.
 YU X Y,SONG Y F,WANG C C,et al. Effect of Mg content on the microstructure and properties of high strength,high conductivity Cu-Fe-Cr-Si-Mg alloy[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2023,883:145510.
19-21
。在析出相强化和晶界强化的共同作用下,含Mg合金的硬度更高,且随着析出相的增多,电导率有所下降,这与表1所述相对应。Mg元素的加入对析出相的形成起到了促进作用  SUN Y Q,PENG L J,HUANG G J,et al. Effects of Mg addition on the microstructure and softening resistance of Cu-Cr alloys[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2020,776:139009.
17
,但析出相尺寸由于Mg元素的添加被抑制  LI L J,KANG H J,ZHANG S R,et al. Microstructure and properties of Cu-Cr-Zr (Mg) alloys subjected to cryorolling and aging treatment[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2023,938:168656.
22

图1     C19400合金铸态显微组织:(a) 无Mg合金; (b) 含Mg合金
Fig. 1     Microstructure of as-cast C19400 alloy:(a) Mg-free alloy; (b) Mg-containing alloy
表1     铸态C19400合金的性能
Table 1     Properties of as-cast C19400 alloy
试样 硬度(HV) 电导率/%IACS
无Mg 85±4.24 44.6±0.37
含Mg 94±3.96 43.9±0.28

2.2     力学性能和电导率

试样经轧制变形达到固溶处理厚度,经过相同的固溶处理后,其性能参数见表2。由此可知,经过相同变形量的变形处理及相同工艺条件的热处理后,含Mg的C19400合金试样抗拉强度达到356 MPa,高出无Mg的C19400合金试样50 MPa,延伸率为35.9%,高出无Mg试样6%,且屈服强度和硬度值均高于无Mg合金试样,而电导率略低。这表明Mg元素的存在增强了固溶强化作用,从而使得合金的抗拉强度提高。固溶处理使得第二相回熔到基体中,导致固溶态合金的电导率低于铸态合金的电导率,而相同质量分数下Mg元素相对于Fe元素对Cu电导率的影响较低  刘超,柴胜利,李荣平,等. Cu-Fe-P系合金的强化手段及机制研究现状[J]. 铸造设备与工艺,2025(1):61-66.
23
。因此,在元素和第二相回熔的共同作用下合金的电导率差异不明显。

表2     无Mg和含Mg的C19400合金试样经相同固溶处理后的性能参数
Table 2     Properties of Mg-free and Mg-containing C19400 alloy specimens after identical solution treatment
Mg含量 抗拉强度/MPa 屈服强度/MPa 延伸率/% 硬度(HV) 电导率/%IACS
无Mg 306 142 29.6 84±4.01 40.89±0.39
含Mg 356 184 35.9 92±4.47 39.26±0.44

对上述经固溶处理的2个试样,分别施加不同轧制变形量(10%,20%,30%,40%,50%,60%)进行轧制变形测试,随后进行相同条件的时效处理,测得各试样的力学性能和电导率如图2所示。

图2     不同变形量下时效后C19400合金性能:(a)抗拉强度和延伸率;(b)电导率
Fig. 2     Properties of C19400 alloy after aging under different deformation amount:(a) Tensile strength and elongation; (b) Electrical conductivity

图2显示:随着轧制变形量的增加,合金的延伸率和电导率逐渐下降,抗拉强度逐渐上升。在60%变形及时效后,无Mg的C19400合金强度提升了约45%,电导率下降了4.7%; 而含Mg的C19400合金的强度提升了约34%,电导率下降了4.6%。合金强度大幅提升、延伸率降低,是由于变形处理导致位错塞积产生的位错强化,以及热处理中位错作为形核点促进析出相形成的时效强化,两者协同作用的结果。合金电导率下降,是由于在Mg元素导致的晶格畸变及变形位错的共同作用下,电子散射增加。在相同时效处理工艺下,增大变形量导致位错密度上升。位错强化效应使合金抗拉强度持续提高,而延伸率则与变形量成反比关系,随变形量的增加逐步降低  CUI J G,ZHOU R,YANG W D,et al. Effect of Mg on microstructure and properties of Cu-Ni-Fe-P alloy with high strength and high conductivity[J]. Materials Today Communications,2024,41:110513.
12
 YUAN D W,XIAO X P,LUO X,et al. Effect of multi-stage thermomechanical treatment on Fe phase evolution and properties of Cu-6.5Fe-0.3Mg alloy[J]. Materials Characterization,2022,185:111707.
24
。值得注意的是,当变形量超过30%,延伸率下降趋势显著减缓。与此同时,合金电导率随变形量增大而降低。

为了进一步确认Mg含量对C19400合金性能的影响,对经过相同轧制变形(40%变形量)后的不同Mg含量C19400合金的力学性能进行测试,测试结果如图3所示。由图3可知,随着Mg含量增加,合金抗拉强度、硬度呈上升趋势,而电导率则呈下降趋势。当Mg质量分数为0.65%时,合金的抗拉强度达到436 MPa,相对于无Mg时提升了12%,而合金的电导率为68.7%IACS,相对于无Mg时下降3%左右。

图3     不同Mg含量下轧制态C19400合金的性能:(a)抗拉强度;(b)电导率和硬度
Fig. 3     Properties of rolled C19400 alloy with different Mg contents:(a) Tensile strength; (b) Electrical conductivity and hardness

为了进一步明确Mg元素对合金的影响,依据图3所示性能,选取上述Mg质量分数分别为0,0.46%和0.65%的C19400合金,在进行480 ℃×6 h时效处理后再次检测其性能,结果见表3。由表3可知:Mg含量为0.65%的合金经时效后,其抗拉强度能达到530 MPa,延伸率为4%,电导率为68.74%IACS; 而Mg含量为0.46%的合金经时效处理后,抗拉强度达到524 MPa,电导率达到70.16%IACS。由此可见,合金内Mg元素含量越高,经轧制变形及时效后,抗拉强度和硬度越高。这是由于析出的第二相增多,阻碍了位错的移动,进而使得合金强度和硬度迅速增加  YU X Y,SONG Y F,WANG C C,et al. Effect of Mg content on the microstructure and properties of high strength,high conductivity Cu-Fe-Cr-Si-Mg alloy[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2023,883:145510.
21
。然而,位错的存在会增大电子散射,进而导致电导率下降。

表3     时效态不同Mg含量下C19400合金的性能
Table 3     Properties of C19400 alloy in the aged state with varying Mg content
Mg质量分数/% 抗拉强度/MPa 屈服强度/MPa 延伸率/% 硬度(HV) 电导率/%IACS
0 495 478 4.3 146±2.02 71.53±0.54
0.46 524 502 4.2 151±1.86 70.16±0.56
0.65 530 513 4 155±2.17 68.74±0.37

2.3     抗高温软化性

图4显示了有Mg和无Mg C19400合金的抗高温软化曲线。由图4可知,两种合金的显微硬度均随退火温度上升呈现下降趋势。对比发现:在相同处理时间与温度下,含Mg合金的硬度明显高于无Mg合金; 无Mg的C19400合金的软化温度为460 ℃左右,而含Mg的C19400合金的软化温度显著提高,达到490 ℃左右; 无Mg合金在约520 ℃之后硬度曲线趋于平缓,含Mg合金在约540 ℃之后趋于平缓。这是由于C19400合金中α-Fe相的生长速度较快,较粗的α-Fe相加速了合金的再结晶,导致快速软化,而Mg元素的加入能够有效地抑制该相的生长,从而抑制由再结晶引起的软化  CUI J G,ZHOU R,YANG W D,et al. Effect of Mg on microstructure and properties of Cu-Ni-Fe-P alloy with high strength and high conductivity[J]. Materials Today Communications,2024,41:110513.
12
 SUN Y Q,PENG L J,HUANG G J,et al. Effects of Mg addition on the microstructure and softening resistance of Cu-Cr alloys[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2020,776:139009.
 ZENG H,SUI H,WU S J,et al. Evolution of the microstructure and properties of a Cu-Cr-(Mg) Alloy upon thermomechanical treatment[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2021,857:157582.
17-18
。因此,在C19400合金中添加Mg元素,可以提高合金的硬度和软化温度。

图4     合金在不同温度相同时间下的抗软化性能曲线
Fig. 4     Softening resistance curves of C19400 alloy at different temperatures for the same duration

2.4     折弯性能

图5显示了相同加工工艺制备的相同厚度(0.4 mm)带材样品,以不同折弯半径折弯90°后的表面形貌。由图5可知,含Mg和无Mg的C19400合金带材以不同折弯半径折弯后,表面形貌差异明显。在90°GW折弯方向上:当折弯半径R=0.3 mm时,含Mg的C19400合金带材表面光滑平整,表面质量与折弯前几乎一致,而无Mg的C19400合金带材表面略有褶皱; 随着折弯半径进一步减小,当R=0.2 mm时,含Mg的C19400合金带材表面出现轻微褶皱,无Mg的C19400合金带材表面出现橘皮组织; 当R=0.1 mm时,无Mg的C19400合金带材表面已经出现开裂,而含Mg的C19400合金带材表面只是出现褶皱加重。在90°BW折弯方向上:当R=0.2 mm时,无Mg的C19400合金带材表面明显开裂,而含Mg的C19400合金带材表面只是呈现轻微裂纹; 当R=0.4 mm时,含Mg的C19400合金带材折弯后表面已几乎与折弯前一致,无Mg的C19400合金带材还存在轻微褶皱。由此表明,合金带材在相同厚度和相同折弯半径下,GW方向折弯性能优于BW方向,Mg元素的存在能够提升C19400合金的折弯性能。

图5     C19400合金带材从不同方向90°折弯后的表面形貌
Fig. 5     Surface morphology of C19400 alloy strip after 90° bending in different directions

C19400合金180°折弯后的表面形貌如图6所示。当R=0.4 mm时:GW方向上,无Mg合金的折弯形貌出现轻微褶皱,而有Mg的合金带材表面形貌几乎无变化; BW方向上,无Mg合金带材的表面已出现裂纹,而有Mg合金带材的表面呈现橘皮形貌。当R值逐渐增加时,与90°折弯一样,合金带材折弯后表面质量越来越差,在相同的R值下,GW方向折弯性能优于BW方向,含Mg的C19400合金折弯性能优于无Mg的C19400合金。

图6     C19400合金带材从不同方向180°折弯后表面形貌
Fig. 6     Surface morphology of C19400 alloy strip after 180° bending in different directions

3     结论

通过对比分析C19400合金有Mg和无Mg添加时的微观结构、力学性能、电导率及折弯性能,探究了Mg元素添加对该合金组织与性能的影响。得出以下结论:

1)Mg元素加入C19400合金中,能够抑制铸态组织中所析出第二相的长大。在相同铸造工艺条件下,添加了Mg元素的C19400合金,其强度、硬度更高。

2)随着Mg元素含量的增加,C19400合金的抗拉强度、硬度也逐渐增加。含有0.65%Mg的C19400合金经过轧制变形及480 ℃时效处理后,抗拉强度能达到530 MPa,电导率为68.74%IACS。

3)含Mg的C19400合金抗高温软化温度为490 ℃。在相同折弯半径及厚度下,含Mg的C19400合金折弯后表面形貌更好。

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