Abstract:The Rail is one of the important parts of railway line. Rail fracture is a extremely dangerous disease in the daily operation of railway line, which seriously threatens the safety of railway transportation. For the special railway of Guixi Smelter, the rail fracture is particularly prominent. In order to reduce the adverse effect of rail fracture to Guixi Smelter, through collecting the typical disease cases and combining the railway transportation and actual application situation, the stress state of steel rail and the rule of rail fracture are analyzed and the feasible fracture prevention measures are proposed