Abstract:Unreasonable treatment of organic pollutants and heavy metals will cause serious harm to the ecological environment and human health and attract much attention. Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) can use organic matter as carbon source and electron donor under anaerobic conditions, and reduce sulfate to sulfide in the process of electron transfer, and further precipitate heavy metal ions through sulfide. This is a microbial remediation method with the advantages of environmental friendliness, high efficiency and wide application, which is widely used in the treatment of organic matter and heavy metal pollution. In this paper, the basic principles of SRB on the removal of organic pollutants and heavy metals were clarified. The effects of environmental factors [temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, carbon source, carbon-sulfur ratio (COD/SO42-), inoculation amount and initial pollutant concentration] on environmental remediation of SRB were discussed. Application of SRB in organic pollution remediation, heavy metal pollution remediation and heavy metal and organic co-pollution remediation was systematically summarized. Finally, according to the current research status, the research focus of SRB in future environmental pollution control was pointed out, in order to provide scientific reference for future relevant research.