Abstract:CuCrZr alloys play an essential role in numerous high-tech engineering fields due to their exceptional electrical conductivity and mechanical properties. This review delved into the latest research on CuCrZr alloys, particularly the interplay between microstructural control and macroscopic performance optimization. Through thermomechanical processing techniques, it was revealed the significant impact of grain refinement and dislocation structure adjustment on enhancing the yield strength and ductility of the alloy, adding new perspectives to the field of materials science. This review also discussed the positive effects of adding novel elements on the alloy""s electrical conductivity, creep resistance, and high-temperature performance. Furthermore, this review highlighted the critical importance of precise process parameter control in the enhancement of material properties and provided a profound forecast on the considerable potential and challenges CuCrZr alloys might face in future industrial applications. Overall, the research findings presented in this review laid a solid theoretical foundation for the industrial application of CuCrZr alloys and charted a course for their practical usage in critical technological domains such as aerospace and electric power transmission, indicating a broad application prospect in future markets.